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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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                <text>Ca. 1944.    Merchant Marine Distinguished Medal, lapel miniature, ribbon bar, and award card.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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              <elementText elementTextId="219">
                <text>Medal, Merchant Marine, Victory Medal</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="220">
                <text>Ca. 1946. Merchant Marine Victory Medal and ribbon bar.  Award card is not a part of the display.</text>
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  <item itemId="225" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, Norway, War Medal</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="476">
                <text>Ca. 1940s. Krigsmedaljen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="106" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class (Type 3)</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="234">
                <text>Ca. 1985. Soviet Union Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class decoration Jubilee version of 1985 (Type 3). The hallmark denotes it being manufactured at the "Moscow Coinyard." This medal was awarded to a number of U.S. Navy Armed Guard members for their heroics during the Murmansk Run.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Russian name for the decoration is: "Орден Отечественной войны&lt;br /&gt;первой степени."  &lt;span&gt;The Order itself is comprised of two classes: 1st and 2nd. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The highest degree of the order is 1st class. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The degree of the order awarded by the awarded is determined by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR and is codified by specific acts of bravery, heroism, and combat action.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, Soviet Union, Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (Murmansk Medal)</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Ca. 1994. Soviet Union Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" and award booklet.  The medal was instituted in 1985, but awarded to United States Merchant Mariners in 1994. It was given to those living veterans who particated in the Murmansk Run; among some, it is known as the "Murmansk Medal."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The official Russian name for the medal is: "Юбилейная медаль «Сорок лет Победы в Великой Отечественной войне 1941–1945 гг.»"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;AMMM note:&lt;br /&gt;"&lt;span&gt;Russian WWII medal with card written in Russian, July 10, 1994. Framed."&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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  <item itemId="105" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="231">
                <text>Medal, Soviet Union, Medal "For Military Merit"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="232">
                <text>Ca. 1950. Postwar issue of the Soviet Union Medal "For Military Merit." Several medals of this sort were awarded to American Merchant seamen during the Second World War for their heroism on the Murmansk Run. A cadet-midshipman, Raymond R. Holubowicz was awarded this medal in June 1944 for bravery in March 1942.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Russian, the proper name for the medal is "&lt;br /&gt;Медаль «За боевые заслуги»." The official criteria for its award were &lt;span&gt;"combat action resulting in a military success", "courageous defense of the state borders," or "successful military and political training and preparation."&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="206" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="33">
      <name>Exonumia, Medal</name>
      <description/>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="437">
                <text>Medal, Soviet Union, Medal "For Valor"</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="438">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Ca. 1947. Postwar issue of the Soviet Union Medal "For Valor." Three medals of this sort were awarded to American Merchant seamen &lt;span&gt;during the Second World War for their heroism on the Murmansk Run.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In Russian, the proper name for the medal is "Медаль «За отвагу»." It was awarded to soldiers of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops and other citizens of the USSR, as well as to persons who are not citizens of the USSR, for personal courage and bravery displayed in battles against the enemies of the USSR, while protecting the state border of the USSR, during the performance of military duties in circumstances involving a risk to life.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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  <item itemId="207" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="33">
      <name>Exonumia, Medal</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="439">
                <text>Medal, Soviet Union, Order of the Red Star</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="440">
                <text>Ca. 1940s. P&lt;span&gt;ostwar issue of the Soviet Union Medal "Order of the Red Star." "For Military Merit." Four medals of this sort were awarded to American Merchant seamen during the Second World War for their heroism on the Murmansk Run; each of the recipients also received the United States Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal for the same acts of heroism.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Russian, the proper name for the medal is "Орден Краснoй Звезды." It was a military medal awarded to soldiers of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal security forces, employees of the State Security Committee of the USSR, as well as NCOs and officers of the bodies of internal affairs; to units, warships, associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations; as well as to military personnel of foreign countries or personal courage and bravery in battle, for the excellent organization and leadership in combat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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  <item itemId="260" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="950">
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    <itemType itemTypeId="33">
      <name>Exonumia, Medal</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
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              <elementText elementTextId="546">
                <text>Medal, United Kingdom, Polar Medal</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="547">
                <text>Ca. 2021. Stamped silver on white ribbon. Manu.: Worchester Medal Service. Type 8.</text>
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      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, United States Lines Distinguished Service Award</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Ca. 1938. Medal to Philip W. Babock (OS) of SS American Farmer for courage and meritorious service in support of the rescue of Fishing Schooner Fieldwood. Also known as USL DSA.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Designer unknown; struck by Dieges and Clust (D&amp;amp;C). It is 1/10 10K GF (Gold Filled).&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Mementos of Chief Engineer James Joseph Smith</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="357">
                <text>Medal, United States Lines Distinguished Service Medal</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="358">
                <text>Ca. 1956. Medal to James J. Smith (1st Ass't Engineer) of SS American Miller for courage and meritorious service in support of the rescue of SS Sea Mazzella. Also known as USL DSM.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Designer unknown; struck by Dieges and Clust (D&amp;amp;C). It is 1/10 10K GF (Gold Filled).</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>USL</text>
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        <name>USL</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, United States Lines Mid-Atlantic Games - SS George Washington</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="362">
                <text>Ca. 1925. Awarded to passengers and crew who participated in deck games - the "games" were humorous tasks allotted to two or more teams and were organized in good fun.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Designer unknown; struck by Dieges and Clust .</text>
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        <name>USL</name>
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  <item itemId="168" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359">
                <text>Medal, United States Lines Mid-Atlantic Games - SS Leviathan</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360">
                <text>Ca. 1923. Awarded to passengers and crew who participated in deck games - the "games" were humorous tasks allotted to two or more teams and were organized in good fun.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Designer unknown; struck by Dieges and Clust .</text>
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        <name>USL</name>
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  <item itemId="170" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, United States Lines Mid-Atlantic Games - SS Republic</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Ca. 1925. Awarded to passengers and crew who participated in deck games - the "games" were humorous tasks allotted to two or more teams and were organized in good fun.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;Designer unknown; struck by Dieges and Clust .&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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        <name>USL</name>
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  <item itemId="102" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Medal, United States Maritime Service, Training Station, Sheepshead Bay, Small Boat Sailing Award</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Ca. 1944. USMSTS Sheepshead Bay small boat handling/sailing award. Reverse has text, "Victory Crew."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The training station regularly held small boat handling/sailing competitions. This medal is an award given to the best crew in one of the competitions.</text>
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        <name>USMS</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="568">
                  <text>United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and Merchant Marine Academy Uniforms, Insignia, and Ephemera</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="569">
                  <text>Since its institution in 1938, the United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and its successors have worn a variety of headwear.  This collection details the uniforms and allied insignia over time. </text>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="471">
                <text>Medal, United States Merchant Marine Academy, Athletic</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="472">
                <text>Ca. 1940s.</text>
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    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>USMMA</name>
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  <item itemId="224" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="808">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and Merchant Marine Academy Uniforms, Insignia, and Ephemera</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Since its institution in 1938, the United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and its successors have worn a variety of headwear.  This collection details the uniforms and allied insignia over time. </text>
                </elementText>
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            </element>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473">
                <text>Medal, United States Merchant Marine Academy, Athletic</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Ca. 1940s.</text>
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        </elementContainer>
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        <name>USMMA</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Mementos of Captain Elmer J. Stull</text>
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                  <text>Stull, Elmer J.&#13;
War Trophies</text>
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                  <text>These artifacts came from the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull. He saved precious little from the Second World War - but what he did save are representative of the trials he endured as a wartime ship's master. The federal government recognized both his and his ship’s crew’s heroism by the award of the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal and the Gallant Ship Citation bar, respectively.  This recognition was from his time on the SS Samuel Parker.  The ship was laid down and launched at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland on 14 October 1942 and 7 November 1942, respectively; Captain Stull was the first master of SS Samuel Parker from 3 November 1942 until 8 December 1943.&#13;
&#13;
Among the artifacts presented in this collection are mementos of the attacks on Tunisia Captain Stull collected while the SS Samuel Parker was anchored off Tunisia. He tied a description of each with a length of jute rope on a Maritime Ships Material Tag. These tags are of interest as they positively identify the ship - SS Samuel Parker - which was Maritime Commission Hull Number 593.&#13;
&#13;
Another particularly significant item is the device he used to find his way through treacherous seas: a universal bearing finder. This tool helped guide him on his voyages around the world - it is preserved in a specially-constructed wood box with his stamp.&#13;
&#13;
Also included among the collection are a merchant seaman identification pin, a union badge, and a Congressional Lifesaving medal in silver.</text>
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      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24">
                <text>Medal, United States Treasury Silver Lifesaving Medal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25">
                <text>Medal awarded to Elmer J. Stull "For bravely assisting in rescuing three men from perils of the sea, September 29, 1932." The decoration one of two classes of awards called the Congressional Lifesaving Medal. From the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull.</text>
              </elementText>
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  <item itemId="226" public="1" featured="0">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="572">
                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477">
                <text>Medal, United States, World War I Victory Medal with U.S. Navy Patrol clasp and New York State War Service Medal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="478">
                <text>Ca. 1920-1921. ex-Graham Covert</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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  <item itemId="36" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="138">
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        <authentication>1f6db163796fc9d1d2ecfb9b430bb284</authentication>
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        <authentication>e32980e85fb99ccef67822f81af85d1f</authentication>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="32">
      <name>Model, Ship</name>
      <description/>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="83">
                <text>Model, Liberty Ship</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="84">
                <text>Ca. 1940s. Propeller Club, Port of New York "Liberty Ship EC2-S-C1" paperweight. Masts missing from the model.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="37" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="154">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/6/37/pamphlet-heroes_today_tramps_tomorrow.pdf</src>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="85">
                  <text>American Merchant Marine Labor</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="130">
                  <text>During the Second World War American Labor rallied to the cause in support of the Allied fight against the Axis. Merchant Marine union members were on the front lines ferrying men and materiel to the front or wherever required.  They had their own argot and proud traditions.</text>
                </elementText>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="27">
      <name>Document, Pamphlet</name>
      <description/>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87">
                <text>Pamphlet, &lt;em&gt;Heroes Today, Tramps Tomorrow?&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="gtx-trans-icon"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="88">
                <text>Pamphlet published in 1943 by the National Maritime Union to call attention to the fact Amercian merchant seaman were without Social Security and adequate financial protections during the Second World War. William Gropper illustrated the pamphlet.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="81" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="339">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/10/81/matson-lapel.JPG</src>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="570">
                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="571">
                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="31">
      <name>Insigne, Cloth</name>
      <description/>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="183">
                <text>Patch (Lapel), Matson Navigation Co.</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="184">
                <text>In the 1930s and 1940s, licensed officers and stewards wore a Matson house flag on their lapels.  This was a not a common uniform device and was used by a few of the larger steamship companies; e.g. Robin Line and Matson.</text>
              </elementText>
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  <item itemId="59" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="244">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/59/1943-ustechnician-patch1.JPG</src>
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        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/59/1943-ustechnician-patch5.JPG</src>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="31">
      <name>Insigne, Cloth</name>
      <description/>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="137">
                <text>Patch (Shoulder), United States Navy U.S. Technician</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="138">
                <text>Ca. 1943.  Early in the Second World War, the motto was 'C.T."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>USN</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="38" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="155">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/38/166_original.jpg</src>
        <authentication>5240576e34602e5ba66e6e2f02e45a45</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="92">
              <text>Digital photograph</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="89">
                <text>Photograph - Digital, Ira Van Cleave</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="90">
                <text>Van Cleave, Ira</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91">
                <text>Scan of a portrait of Ira Van Cleave in his United States Maritime Service uniform. Circa mid-1940s.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="194" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="707">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/9/194/1920s-deck_cadet-1.jpg</src>
        <authentication>ed459b9bd1fe6a47b9e67cd07519558b</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="708">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/9/194/1920s-deck_cadet-2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>19cb18439ff8b86a56e32697d665e9a3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="9">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="568">
                  <text>United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and Merchant Marine Academy Uniforms, Insignia, and Ephemera</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="569">
                  <text>Since its institution in 1938, the United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and its successors have worn a variety of headwear.  This collection details the uniforms and allied insignia over time. </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="26">
      <name>Document, Ephemera</name>
      <description/>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="413">
                <text>Photograph, "Mail Cadet", Deck Cadet</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="414">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;ca. 1920s. Prior to the institution of the United States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps in 1938, the Federal government-sponsored cadets to work aboard federally-subsidized vessels. This is a rare photograph of a cadet from this period.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There are some interesting uniform items of note. Although the U.S. Navy adopted the double-breasted blazer or reefer in 1919, cadets continued to wear the service coat that first appeared in the fleet in 1877 as late as 1923. The 1877 coat was single-breasted and tight-fitted with a fly front and standing collar.  The cap is of the distinct "complete cap" style; the U.S. Navy and merchant fleet as a whole began wearing this style of cap around 1922, having abandoned the kepi-like "Bell Crown" style of cap. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The cap badge detailed in the photograph is an amazing detail - its wear continues to this day, albeit as medallions on present United States Merchant Marine Academy midshipman lapels.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="10">
        <name>USMMA</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="60" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="249">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/60/missmaritimeday-1.jpg</src>
        <authentication>16b4fec89344e3361de44d06331cfb40</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="250">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/60/missmaritimeday-3.jpg</src>
        <authentication>cfbbfe7d9276003632f4e107148e4432</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="251">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/60/missmaritimeday-4.jpg</src>
        <authentication>6198da675b35504aff281577001b5551</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="252">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/60/baggette-and-walter.jpg</src>
        <authentication>73b8e7c5e7be4223d603245d2df2afca</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="139">
                <text>Photograph, Lynn Baggett "Miss Maritime Day"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="140">
                <text>"Lynne Baggette, Warner Bro[ther]s featured played in 'Pillow to Post,' was selected by the editors of Maritime Murmurs, Merchant Marine publication at Catalina Island as 'Miss Maritime [Day].' She will review 4000 trainees at the island training base today (Saturday) and on Tuesday will participate in the celebration of National Maritime Day in Los Angeles."&#13;
&#13;
The cited National Maritime Day celebration took place on Tuesday, May 22, 1945.  This photograph is one of a set taken at Catalina Island by Walter Sanders of LIFE magazine.  Other training stations had models and starlets chosen as their version of “Miss Maritime”; e.g.: in February 1945, Lauren Bacall was dubbed “Miss Maritime Girl” by the public relations branch of the U.S. Maritime Service.&#13;
&#13;
This publicity photograph is of interest since other "Miss Maritime Day" received scant attention by the national press. The United States Maritime Service Training Station, Avalon, Catalina Island happened to be near Los Angeles and Hollywood; hence the photographs done by a noted LIFE photographer and attendant publicity.&#13;
&#13;
"Lynne Baggette" was the stage name of Ruth "Lynn" Baggett - a starlet known for her tumultuous personal life.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="145">
                <text>Baggett, Lynn&#13;
Maritime Service</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="188" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="681">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/188/AC2D3265-0935-4C07-ADB9-6D44FDBB7B2B.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>609dbe49639afafaf6d8ed7584ec4690</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="682">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/188/FBC798BB-031D-4383-8992-3D0F86598103.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>724725d881a9fe970357b28aac5d68b4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="26">
      <name>Document, Ephemera</name>
      <description/>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="401">
                <text>Photograph, Merchant Seaman, Norway</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="402">
                <text>&lt;div&gt;ca. 1940s-1970s.  ex-Jøte Wiklund of Sigerfjord, Norway .  I do not know what 8410 on the reverse of the photograph may indicate; it may be an old post code.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span&gt;In the summer of 1996 I moved into a mostly-furnished apartment at &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;95 Governor Street in Providence, Rhode Island.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;  This is a photograph found in a dresser drawer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The apartment was on the ground floor of a grand, old house. Altogether, the apartment comprised of three conjoined rooms, each with a built-in wardrobe; it looked to have at once been a parlor and an entry-way to a rear staircase - the later had a wall blocking off a portion; I used some exposed steps as a bookcase. The plasterwork on the ceiling at one time must have been impressive, but a drop-ceiling both hid it and protected me from falling chunks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The house, as the owner told me, was once at the bottom of the hill and was brought to its current location at the intersection of Governor and Power decades ago. Ancient jacks still held up portions where the frame sagged. At one point, the house was a seaman’s boarding house - which explained how my apartment was divided.  All the furniture in the apartment was leftover from that time - except a bed.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This well-worn photograph is undoubtedly that of a merchant seaman - if he was a resident of my old apartment or a friend of an old resident, I may never know. It is my memento of that old house.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="71" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="312">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/10/71/unitedfruit-2ndoff-1940s.JPG</src>
        <authentication>d013594aadce79339f92996579fed601</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="10">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="570">
                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="571">
                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="163">
                <text>Photograph, United Fruit, 2nd Officer</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="164">
                <text>Ca. 1940s.  United Fruit 2nd Officer - as noted on cap band.  The shoulder boards are of the generial deck officer type as was common in the early 1940s.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="204" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="756">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/204/2020-basclub-pin.JPG</src>
        <authentication>d12a794a15da191a47feb0f815f7527a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Insigne, Metal</name>
      <description/>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="433">
                <text>Pin (Lapel), British Antarctic Survey Club</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="434">
                <text>Ca. 2020.  Pin worn on the lapel of a BAS member's jacket.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="173" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="623">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/173/popeye-pipe-1.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9fcce430d9d4e33d3c17829599a05737</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="624">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/173/popeye-pipe-2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>203246b3d7e9c896ec8121d63c7fca92</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="625">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/173/3042552754_5a4bd9639d_o.jpg</src>
        <authentication>5f95ffa2bbd68df101f6f9dee186e577</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="15">
      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="369">
                <text>Pipe, Corncob</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370">
                <text>&lt;p&gt;Ca. 2008. Also known as "Popeye Pipe." Popeye the Sailorman would often suck spinach through his pipe.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Purchased in October 2008 from Noho Convenience Store, 640 Broadway, New York City.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;"I'm Popeye the Sailor Man I'm Popeye the Sailor Man I'm strong to the finich Cause I eats me spinach I'm Popeye the Sailor Man.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I'm one tough gazookus Which hates all palookas Wot ain't on the up and square I biffs 'em and buffs 'em An' always outroughs 'em An' none of 'em gets nowhere.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If anyone dasses to risk me fisk It's 'boff' and its 'wham,' un'erstand So, keep good behavior That's your one life saver With Popeye the Sailor Man.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I'm Popeye the Sailor Man I'm Popeye the Sailor Man I'm strong to the finich Cause I eats me spinach I'm Popeye the Sailor Man."&lt;/p&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="85" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="345">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/85/plaque_hmnzs-otago.JPG</src>
        <authentication>0bf6a497d89c77bf0fe1905a4f16a862</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Plaque</name>
      <description>A wall-hanging usually commemorative or denoting an honor or award. </description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191">
                <text>Plaque, HMNZS &lt;em&gt;Otago&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="gtx-trans-icon"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192">
                <text>HMNZS &lt;em&gt;Otago&lt;/em&gt; (F111) was a frigate in the Royal New Zealand Navy.  As part of "Operation Pilaster," this ship was involved in New Zealand's protest of France's atomic bomb testing in the Pacific in 1973 - she had specific orders to convey strength and to be an instrument of illustrating peaceful passage.&lt;br /&gt;The central badge is painted plaster and is affixed to the wood board with brass screws.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="1">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/1/rrs-shackleton-plaque.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9cb65428e9e3d93aa54fae24cf69508e</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Plaque</name>
      <description>A wall-hanging usually commemorative or denoting an honor or award. </description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1">
                <text>Plaque, RRS &lt;em&gt;Shackleton&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class="gtx-trans-icon"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2">
                <text>RRS &lt;em&gt;Shackleton&lt;/em&gt; wardroom plaque. Shackleton served with FIDS and BAS from 1955 through 1992. The central device is comprised of three buckles – a play on the Shackleton family name, “shackles” which are a form of a buckle.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="140" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="514">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/140/plaque-biot-navcommsta.jpg</src>
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      <name>Plaque</name>
      <description>A wall-hanging usually commemorative or denoting an honor or award. </description>
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                <text>Plaque, United States Navy, United States Naval Communications Station - Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory</text>
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                <text>Ca. 1970s. Wardroom plaque, US NAVCOMMSTA Diego Garcia BIOT.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Immediately after the eviction of the island's residents and clearing the territory of the civilian population, the British and United States governments set about to militarize Diego Garcia.  One of the first facilities to be built was a communications station operated by the United States Navy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The plaque illustrates the unique history and political situation of the island.  The crossed United Kingdom and United States flags represent British sovereignty over the territory and its shared use by British and American forces; the donkey element recalls the feral donkeys that roamed the island - they were marooned after the closure of the copra (coconut) plantation; the remnants of the plantation which dominated the island are depicted by the coconut tree; the radio tower is that of the communication station.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A history of NAVCOMMSTA Diego Garcia is as follows - From Naval Facilities Engineering Command History 1965-74, Chapter 10:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;NAVAL COMMUNICATION STATION, DIEGO GARCIA &lt;br /&gt;The Navy's communications facility on the atoll of Diego Garcia was a major Command project during the 1970s. Before the Diego Garcia facility was established, the Indian Ocean had been a blacked-out area in the Navy's worldwide communications network. Construction of the Diego Garcia facility was undertaken to remedy this situation. The facility was built primarily by personnel of the Naval Construction Force under a bilateral agreement between the united Kingdom and the United States. What of the atoll itself?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Diego Garcia is 12,000 miles from the nearest United States port. Even within the geography of the Indian Ocean it is isolated. Before construction began, the nearest airfield was located at the British base at Gan, 400 miles to the north. The nearest commercial port is Colombo, 960 nautical miles distant.176 The atoll is part of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BlOT), formed in 1965 from territory formally belonging to Mauritius and the Seychelles Islands. The atoll is one of fifty-two which make up the Chagos Archipelago which spreads over an area of 10,000 square miles. The Chagos Archipelago is located in the heart of the Indian Ocean, south of India and between the African continent and Indonesia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Diego Garcia is a narrow coral atoll having a land area of about eleven square miles, which nearly encloses a lagoon. It is shaped roughly like a "V", which stretches thirty-seven miles from tip to tip, with an opening to the north-northwest. Shallow reefs surround the atoll on the ocean side as well as within the lagoon. Most of the aggregate used in the construction effort was blasted from the outer reefs, then crushed to required size.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Diego Garcia was discovered approximately 400 years ago by the Portuguese. It subsequently fell under French control and in 1814 it passed to the British. In 1974 it was part of the British Indian Ocean Territory. In the past, the atoll's major industry was copra. In addition, there was a phosphate mine and the atoll further served as a coaling station.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In December 1966, the United Kingdom and the United States signed a bilateral agreement constituted by the Exchange of Notes dated 30 December 1966 (BlOT Agreement 1966), which made the islands of the British Indian Ocean Territory available for the defense purposes of both governments as need arose. On 24 October 1972 a supplementary agreement was signed by the two governments concerning the construction of a limited United States Naval Communications Facility on Diego Garcia (Diego Garcia Agreement 1972). The purpose of this facility was to provide a link in United States defense communications and to furnish improved communications support in the Indian Ocean for ships and aircraft owned or operated by or in behalf of either government. FOllowing Department of Defense approval of the plan, the first two increments of the project were submitted to Congress, and were approved and subsequently funded in the fiscal year 1971 and 1972 Military Construction Appropriation Acts. Construction was to be accomplished by the united States, utilizing units of the Naval Construction Force.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The base on Diego Garcia was initially planned as an austere communications station with all necessary supporting facilities including an airstrip. The project was originally intended to be completed within three years, however, this deadline was later extended a year to July 1975. Pursuant to the Diego Garcia agreement of 1972, supplementary arrangements were also made between the Royal Navy and the United States Navy for the joint operation of the communications facility. Consequently, both the British and American flags would fly over the facility and the United Kingdom would assist in manning it.l77&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The actual construction presented several problems to those who would do the building. One of the most critical problems on Diego Garcia was that of obtaining good fill material. Vast amounts of fill were needed for the foundations of all horizontal and vertical structures. In addition, good material was required for aggregate for the concrete work done on the atoll. Due to the limited amount of developable land on the atoll, future expansion would require that marginal lands be filled and made buildable. These marginal lands included marshy lowlands, borrow pits and shallow portions of the lagoon.178&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There were three sources of fill material on the atoll: (1) borrow excavation, (2) the coral shelf that surrounded the atoll, and (3) dredged material. The first two sources were the least desirable because borrow pits made additional land areas unusable and mining of the coral shelf was both costly and difficult. Dredging offered the best method of obtaining fill material and aggregate in terms of quantity and quality. It was recommended that whenever feasible all the dredged material be deposited ashore. This amount should be sufficient to provide fill for all projects planned on Diego Garcia. Where feasible the dredged material was stockpiled and/or put in areas of future potential use.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Certain constraints also limited the nature and location of construction on the atoll. Not only was the amount of developable land on Diego Garcia limited, but much of the better land was not available due to the presence of various clearance requirements related either to safety or to operational factors. One of these operational factors concerned the communications installation itself. In order to assure minimum interference between high frequency transmitter and receiver, there had to be a separation distance of fifteen miles between the two. The receiver station was to be located five miles frm the airfield, five miles from the primary power plant, one mile from the cantonment area and three miles from the light industrial areas.179&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Air safety also put constraints on construction. The Air Installations Compatible Use Zone (AICUZ) was intended to define an area where land uses which were incompatible with air operations would be excluded. The Air Installations Compatible Use Zone was derived from two elements, noise and crash potential. Noise contours and crash potential areas were delineated for Diego Garcia. The Air Installations Compatible Use Zone could contain such compatible uses as outdoor recreation, industrial facilities, warehousing and petroleum storage. Airfield safety requirements made it necessary to restrict all construction within 750 feet of the runway center line. Beyond that line facilities could be constructed which did not penetrate a 7.:1 slope. It is also necessary that zones 3,000 feet beyond the end of the runway be free from obstruction.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Another constraint on building was the 600 foot clearance zone that had to be maintained around the Radar Wind sending building, which was located approximately 1,500 feet west of the Air Operations building.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Water was also a limiting factor. Due to the critical water supply situation, several areas were designated as "water zones." No construction was allowed in these areas in order to insure an adequate supply of well-water to support the needs of the personnel on the island.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There was also a necessity for the safe storage of explosives. Since no inhabited structures could be built within the Explosives Safety Quantity Distance (ESQD) arcs generated by stored explosives, the safety zones imposed a rather extensive limitation on developable land.(180)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The final limitation on development concerned the boundaries of the areas allotted to each of the two contracting powers. In accordance with the agreement between the united States and British governments, the united States could use the west side of the atoll up to latitude 7024'30" S on the east side of the atoll. (181) On 23 January 1971, a nine man reconnaissance party from Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 40 landed on Diego Garcia to confirm planning information and to initiate a preliminary survey of the beach landing areas. Subsequently, during early March 1971, a fifty man landing party arrived at Diego Garcia aboard the USS Vernon County (LST 1161). This party comprised personnel of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 40, Amphibious Construction Battalion 2, Amphibious Forces Pacific Underwater Demolition Team, Construction Battalions Atlantic, and Air Transportable Communications Unit 4. Men from these units marked underwater obstructions, installed temporary navigational aids and cleared beach areas in preparation for an over the beach landing of additional personnel. On 20 March 1971, an advance party of 160 men arrived and during the following month the main body of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 40 landed. The battalion's main assignment was the construction of a temporary Seabee camp, construction of water and electrical distribution systems, completion of a camp dining hall, laundry, refrigeration and material storage facilities, and construction of a temporary industrial site and a 3,500 foot interim airstrip. Prior to the completion of the airstrip on 15 July 1971, all personnel, equipment and supplies had to be landed on the beach by LST and Mike boat.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In October and November 1971, Detachment "Chagos" of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 71 and the whole of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 1 arrived. Their arrival marked the beginning of large scale military construction on Diego Garcia. Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 1 devoted its major effort to erecting the receiver and transmitter buildings. Other projects undertaken included the placing of the base course for the permanent runway, taxiway and parking apron, operation of a precast yard and block plant, and construction of the 5,000 foot POL lagoon causeway. Detachment "Chagos'" construction efforts were located at the permanent industrial site and consisted of four permanent structures, the largest of which was the cold storage and general warehouse. During this period civil service personnel from the Naval Electronics System Command were also deployed to Diego Garcia to provide electronic equipment installation support in conjunction with the construction of the transmitter and receiver buildings. (182)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In July 1972, Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 62 relieved Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 1. The men of the new battalion concentrated on the construction of the transmitter and receiver buildings. They also paved the airfield and continued work at both the cantonment and the industrial sites. On 25 December 1972, the first Air Force C-l41 jet transport landed on 6,000 feet of completed permanent runway (with the Bob Hope Christmas Show Troupe). The concrete work on the full 8,000 foot permanent runway with adjoining taxiway and parking apron was completed by March 1973. Following completion of the runway, a weekly C-l4l Military Airlift Command flight was initiated between Diego Garcia and Utapao, Thailand.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The third Detachment "Chagos," composed of 180 men from Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 133, arrived in November 1972. It continued work on the air operations and radar wind buildings, the sewage lagoon, and bachelor officer and enlisted quarters. During December 1972, personnel of the Naval Communication Station Pre-establishment Detachment began to arrive. Their task was to prepare for the acceptance of equipment and facilities as they were turned over for operations and maintenance. In February 1973, the first group of Royal Navy personnel arrived to join the Naval Communication Station Pre-establishment Detachment. This group officially relieved Air Transportable Communications Unit 4 of its duty of providing off-island communications support to all units on the atoll. Finally on 20 March 1973, exactly two years after construction began, the Naval Communications Station, Diego Garcia, was officially establishment.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During March, Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 74 relieved Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 62 and subsequently continued work on various projects, giving special attention to runway lighting and the work at both the industrial and cantonment sites. During June 1973, there was another unit change, when Detachment "Chagos" of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 10 relieved Detachment "Chagos" of Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 133.(183) The second construction increment slated for the Naval Communication Station, Diego Garcia was the provision of a ship channel and turning basin in the lagoon. This construction was awarded as an international contract to a construction firm from Taiwan. Construction began in August 1973 and would take two years to complete.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Most of the station's facilities were built in the cantonment area, located at the northern most tip of the atoll. The station's personnel were quartered and supported here. This area was designed as a walking/bicycling community, hence auto and truck traffic was strictly limited. Community support facilities included a gym, bowling alley, chapel, medical facility, Navy exchange, swimming pool, All Hands Club, and playing fields and courts. Additional planned facilities included an Armed Forces radio and television station, chapel addition, hobby shop, special services issue office, theater, library and education center. A Chief Petty Officers Club, Officers Club, snack bar and recreation area were also eventually to be built.184&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The administration building was also located in the cantonment area. It was located thus because this location was readily accessible to personnel being supported and to the administrative personnel who worked there. An addition to this building was planned. A fire station was also sited in the cantonment area. Generally a location central to the developed area would have been preferred. However, since Diego Garcia was long and narrow and and since most of the facilities which were considered to be life safety hazards were concentrated in the Cantonment Area, a site there was deemed most suitable for a fire station.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The second major area of construction was the airfield and its supporting activities. It was located about midway down the length of the western side of the atoll. Revised requirements called for the extension of the original 8,000 foot runway to 12,000 feet. In order to avoid expansion into the ocean or lagoon, 3,000 feet were added to the southeast end and 1,000 feet to the northwest end of the runway. A 1,000 foot overrun was required at each end of the lengthened runway. An additional requirement called for an increase in the size of the parking aprons by 89,750 square yards so that taxiways and runway turnarounds might be built. The following new airport support facilities were also deemed necessary: an air transportation hangar, operations building expansion, airfield transit storage, an aircraft washrack and a crash fire station.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The public works area (formerly the industrial area) was located approximately five miles south of the airfield and its supporting facilities. Supply support for the atoll was centralized at this point. As the permanent facilities on the atoll began to take shape, certain geography related problems began to manifest themselves. All automotive and construction equipment on the atoll operated under very adverse environmental conditions. Experience showed maintenance demands to be extreme and vehicle downtime high. Accordingly, vehicular travel was limited as much as possible. The land use plan incorporated this rationale through designation of the northwest tip of the island for the cantonment area and the establishment of a new supply support point near it. The location of warehouses in the public works area made it necessary to move 90 percent of all supplies a total of twenty miles (airfield to warehouse plus warehouse to cantonment area). This was a particularly bad practice for cold storage items.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Navy's POL storage requirement was 480,000 barrels in support of both ship and aircraft needs. The Air Force required an additional 160,000 barrels of storage. The POL site was located between the warehouse area and the Seabee construction support area . The original construction plan had the POL tanks located on a fill area adjacent to the causeway. A new site was required for the following reasons: (1) the old site would require use of critical fill material needed for other planned facilities, (2) the need to expand airfield facilities into the area along the causeways, (3) and the preference of POL operators to locate the storage tanks at a less exposed site. A new site was selected north of the airfield. It had the advantage of being located near the causeway/fuel pier and airfield operations area. One disadvantage was that a borrow pit was being used on the site. It would have to be filled and the area regraded before construction of the fuel tanks could begin.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Additional public works shops and stores were to be provided through conversion of existing general warehousing and cold storage facilities located in the public works area. The warehousing function was to be consolidated in the new supply support area. The expansion of the existing power plant by two additional 1,200 kilowatt generators was proposed. In order to retain the necessary separation for noise, access and fire safety between the existing public works office and the power plant, the natural expansion direction was to the south. However, two fuel tanks had been built in this area. These tanks would have to be relocated prior to the construction of the power plant extensions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since the primary function at Diego Garcia was initially communications support, the communications facilities were the most completely developed. The locations of the receiver and transmitter areas were for all practical purposes fixed by the existence of permanent buildings and antennas. An addition to the receiver building (located in the cantonment area) was the only expansion of communications functions planned during 1975.185&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Waterfront facilities were built in the cantonment area. By 1975 these temporary facilities were judged inadequate for both offloading and maintaining the boats which were the only means of moving cargo from ship to shore. Even if a pier were to be built, boats would still be required for movement of cargo. A permanent facility which would allow efficient offloading of the boats was a necessity. In order to maintain the boats properly, a complete maintenance facility was required. The maintenance facility was to include previsions for removing boats from the water for overhaul and returning the boats to the water afterward.186&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Additional modifications planned for the waterfront area included a small boat pool and a pier. The small boat pool was to be located at the causeway and would contain facilities for lifting boats out of the water, a boathouse, moorings for all small boats and a crane for loading and offloading cargo. The pier was to be T-shaped and would extend out into the lagoon from the end of the existing causeway. (187)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A fleet recreation area was considered necessary to accommodate the large number of fleet personnel who might be on shore at various times. All personnel support facilities in the cantonment area were designed for the support of the permanent party. They were not large enough to support additional transient fleet personnel. Because of this, a fleet recreation facility located away from the permanent cantonment recreation was to be provided. Other presently planned facilities include a hardstand for the vehicles of the Marine Amphibious Unit (to be located near the causeway), and short-term training facilities for Marine personnel. (188)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;By 1975 permanent electrical power generating facilities had been constructed on the atoll. These facilities included the main power plant, three standby power plants and a regulating vault. The main power plant located in the public works area, was composed of four 1,200 KW generators which generated power at 41,160 volts. It was proposed to add two additional 1,200 KW generators to this plant. The standby generators were located respectively at the transmitter station, the receiving station, and at "c" building. The regulating vault was located at the air operations building.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Two barge-mounted desalinization units furnished the atoll's water supply. The planned permanent facility, which was to be located within the main power plant building, included two 60,000 GPD capacity units designed to operate on heat recovered from the main power plant generating units. A subsequent study for alternate solutions for the water supply indicated that a groundwater source utilizing the electrodialysis method for water treatment was best suited for Diego Garcia. (189). Electrodialysis units were to be installed at the various centers of water demand. The plan to install the desalinization units in the power house was consequently discarded and the space set aside for them was used in subsequent expansion of power generating facilities.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sewage disposal on Diego Garcia was rather simple and straightforward: Sewage from the cantonment area was pumped to a large sewage lagoon which had an ocean outlet. Sewage from all other facilities was handled by small septic tanks with leaching fields. No expansion to any of these systems was expected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As the Naval Communication Station, Diego Garcia was still a developing facility at the end of 1974, especially as regards its total final mission, many changes and additions can be expected in construction planned for it in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <name>Insigne, Cloth</name>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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                <text>Rating Badges, Section Leader, New York Merchant Marine Academy</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Ca. 1930s-1940s. With the rename of the New York State Nautical School to the New York Merchant Marine Academy in 1929, all insignia for NYSNS also had their designs changed. On patches, instead of the unwieldy, New York Merchant Marine Academy, the anacronym MMA was used. In later years, this has caused confusion among insignia collectors as MMA is also an anachronym for Massachusetts Maritime Academy and Maine Maritime Academy. The two patches are for senior and junior section leaders.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Senior section leader (three chevrons) - viewer's right-facing eagle - is circa pre-July 1941.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Junior section leader (two chevrons) - viewer's left-facing eagle - is circa post-July 1941.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Medals and Decorations</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="33">
      <name>Exonumia, Medal</name>
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                <text>Ribbon bar, Merchant Marine, multiple</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>ca. 1944. War Shipping Administration Merchant Marine War Zone bars: Atlantic War Zone, Mediterranean-Middle East War Zone, and Pacific War Zone.</text>
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  <item itemId="101" public="1" featured="0">
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Ribbon, Gallant Ship Citation Bar &amp; Mariner's Medal</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="224">
                <text>Ca. 1944. Cadet-Midshipman Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar, and Merchant Marine Mariner's Medal and citation letter to Mrs. S. Chamberlain (mother).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span&gt;"Mariner's Medal given to Cadet Midshipman Arthur Richard Chamberlin, Jr., who died when the SS Stephen Hopkins was sunk on September 27, 1942. Medal framed and matted together with letter to Mrs. S. Chamberlin and black and white photograph of Arthur Chamberlin."&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Ribbon, Merchant Marine, Atlantic War Zone Bar</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="214">
                <text>Ca. 1944. Merchant Marine Atlantic War Zone ribbon bar and award card.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="94" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Ribbon, Merchant Marine, Combat Bar</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="210">
                <text>Ca. 1944.  Merchant Marine Combat Bar and award card.  &#13;
&#13;
The physical ribbon has a single silver star - a star denoted the recipient of the award was aboard an attacked ship and was forced to abandon ship as a result; there was no upper limit for the number of stars which could be affixed to the ribbon. &#13;
&#13;
Award cards did not depict a ribbon with a star, rather in the upper right-hand corner of the card was type "With Star;" this display card does not include this detail.</text>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="95" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="19">
      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Ribbon, Merchant Marine, Defense Bar</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="212">
                <text>Ca. 1944. Merchant Marine Defense bar and award card.   This ribbon award is an analog to the American Defense ribbon - and was awaded for service in the United States Merchant Marine from 1939 up until the formal entry of the United States into the Second World War in 1941.</text>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <name>Decoration of Honor</name>
      <description>A badge, medal, or ribbon bar denoting personal or group honors.</description>
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                <text>Ca. 1944. Merchant Marine Gallant Ship Citation Ribbon bar and award card.</text>
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                  <text>AMMM Medal Collection, Second World War</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The American Merchant Marine Museum has a small collection of Second World War decorations and medals in its holdings. The core of this group is a shadow box display that once most probably lived in Bowditch Hall alongside the Merchant Marine Academy's collection of Gallant Ship plaques or aboard the &lt;em&gt;Emery Rice&lt;/em&gt; when the training ship served as the United States Merchant Marine Academy's museum.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The shadow box contains the breadth of decorations granted by the United States federal government to American Merchant Mariners during the Second World War. The medals and ribbons comprise of the complete set of personal and group decorations available to merchant seamen by 1946; noticeably lacking are decorations issued by the Philippine Republic. Where appropriate, an award card and ribbon bar accompany each medal, with the noted absence of the Merchant Marine Victory Medal award card. Despite the Museum's inventory date of 2012, all items point to mounting in the late-1940s - the ribbons have aluminum backings, and the medals' suspension rings and drape-stitching are consistent with 1940s-issued examples. Of note is the Mariner's Medal - medal's reverse is displayed - showing the "Torch of Liberty" instead of the obverse with the "walking eagle."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;In terms of conservation, the case itself and the artifacts it houses are in poor condition - perhaps an apt metaphor for the memory of the wartime Merchant Marine. The award cards are foxed and faded due to exposure to humidity and sunlight, and the medals exhibit flaking of plating. Red bronze and gold leaf do not take kindly to moisture, and the ribbons' aluminum backing shows signs of oxidation. This deterioration is most probably due to the fact the Museum's predecessor was a ship - salt air is never kind to medals - or the case was improperly displayed or stored for some time. These days, the Museum has sound environmental controls - if the caked dust is wiped away, these old memories will shine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The other medals and decorations in this collection may be found interspersed throughout the Museum. A noted display in the 142 Room is the Gallant Ship Citation ribbon bar and Mariner's Medal awarded to Arthur R. Chamberlain, Jr. - a cadet-midshipman who lost his life on the SS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span&gt;Stephen Hopkins&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nevertheless, the bulk of the Museum's medals and old wartime insignia remain in storage. Those medals on display - such as those of Cadet-Midshipman Chamberlain - enhance an exhibit's narrative and are not displayed for the sake of presentation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="569">
                  <text>Since its institution in 1938, the United States Maritime Commission Cadet Corps and its successors have worn a variety of headwear.  This collection details the uniforms and allied insignia over time. </text>
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    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="34">
      <name>Uniform</name>
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    </itemType>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="487">
                <text>Uniform, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy - Cadet Corps. Service Dress Blue.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="488">
                <text>Ca. 1946</text>
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          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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        <name>USMMA</name>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="229" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="570">
                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="571">
                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="34">
      <name>Uniform</name>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="483">
                <text>Uniform, U.S. War Shipping Administration - Division of Training Trainee. Undress blue.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="484">
                <text>Ca. 1943</text>
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          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>USMS</name>
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    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="222" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="799">
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      <file fileId="800">
        <src>http://dittybag.ianewatts.org/collection/files/original/222/royalnavy-service-1950-coat_detail01.jpg</src>
        <authentication>15759fbdb9d29416523c0eba506f0a52</authentication>
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      <file fileId="801">
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      <file fileId="802">
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      <file fileId="804">
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      <name>Uniform</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="469">
                <text>Uniform, United Kingdom Royal Navy, Officer. Service Dress Blue.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="470">
                <text>Ca. 1961.</text>
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          </element>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="236" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="570">
                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="571">
                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="34">
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      <description/>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="497">
                <text>Uniform, United States Maritime Service, Coat, Khaki, CPO Boiler Mate </text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="498">
                <text>Ca. 1942. ex-Goodman.</text>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>USMS</name>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="235" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="880">
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        <authentication>f6b7c9775f5d9df3d2dde3e654179414</authentication>
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      <file fileId="881">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="570">
                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="571">
                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="34">
      <name>Uniform</name>
      <description/>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="495">
                <text>Uniform, United States Maritime Service, Reefer, Service Dress Blue, CPO Boiler Mate.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Ca. October, 1942. ex-Goodman.</text>
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        <name>USMS</name>
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  <item itemId="197" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="734">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419">
                <text>Uniform, United States Navy - U.S. Naval Academy, Midshipman. Dress Blues.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="420">
                <text>Ca. 1940</text>
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        <name>USN</name>
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        <name>USNA</name>
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  <item itemId="252" public="1" featured="0">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="530">
                <text>Uniform, United States Navy, Officer. Service Dress Blue.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="531">
                <text>Ca. 1940s. ex-William H. Ittel.  Sleeve braid is that of a Lieutenant (Junior Grade); ribbons are a mix of U.S. Navy and Merchant Marine.  Mr. Ittel was a cadet-midshipman at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy during the war and was inducted into the Navy upon graduation; he served in the Pacific Theatre.</text>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>USN</name>
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  <item itemId="234" public="1" featured="0">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Merchant Marine and Government Marine Uniforms and Insignia</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>The maritime trades and the government marine have traditionally shared similar headwear and uniforms with that of the armed marine - the United States Navy. In this collection please find representative uniforms and insignia from private and government concerns primarily from the mid-twentieth century.</text>
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      <name>Uniform</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Uniform, War Shipping Administration, Training Organization, Pea Coat.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Ca. 1944.</text>
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    <tagContainer>
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        <name>USMS</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Mementos of Captain Elmer J. Stull</text>
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                  <text>Stull, Elmer J.&#13;
War Trophies</text>
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                  <text>These artifacts came from the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull. He saved precious little from the Second World War - but what he did save are representative of the trials he endured as a wartime ship's master. The federal government recognized both his and his ship’s crew’s heroism by the award of the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal and the Gallant Ship Citation bar, respectively.  This recognition was from his time on the SS Samuel Parker.  The ship was laid down and launched at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland on 14 October 1942 and 7 November 1942, respectively; Captain Stull was the first master of SS Samuel Parker from 3 November 1942 until 8 December 1943.&#13;
&#13;
Among the artifacts presented in this collection are mementos of the attacks on Tunisia Captain Stull collected while the SS Samuel Parker was anchored off Tunisia. He tied a description of each with a length of jute rope on a Maritime Ships Material Tag. These tags are of interest as they positively identify the ship - SS Samuel Parker - which was Maritime Commission Hull Number 593.&#13;
&#13;
Another particularly significant item is the device he used to find his way through treacherous seas: a universal bearing finder. This tool helped guide him on his voyages around the world - it is preserved in a specially-constructed wood box with his stamp.&#13;
&#13;
Also included among the collection are a merchant seaman identification pin, a union badge, and a Congressional Lifesaving medal in silver.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>War trophy, plane debris</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Melted metal from Junker 88 plane shot over Tunisia.  Collected by Captain Elmer J. Stull.</text>
              </elementText>
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  <item itemId="6" public="1" featured="0">
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War Trophies</text>
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                  <text>These artifacts came from the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull. He saved precious little from the Second World War - but what he did save are representative of the trials he endured as a wartime ship's master. The federal government recognized both his and his ship’s crew’s heroism by the award of the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal and the Gallant Ship Citation bar, respectively.  This recognition was from his time on the SS Samuel Parker.  The ship was laid down and launched at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland on 14 October 1942 and 7 November 1942, respectively; Captain Stull was the first master of SS Samuel Parker from 3 November 1942 until 8 December 1943.&#13;
&#13;
Among the artifacts presented in this collection are mementos of the attacks on Tunisia Captain Stull collected while the SS Samuel Parker was anchored off Tunisia. He tied a description of each with a length of jute rope on a Maritime Ships Material Tag. These tags are of interest as they positively identify the ship - SS Samuel Parker - which was Maritime Commission Hull Number 593.&#13;
&#13;
Another particularly significant item is the device he used to find his way through treacherous seas: a universal bearing finder. This tool helped guide him on his voyages around the world - it is preserved in a specially-constructed wood box with his stamp.&#13;
&#13;
Also included among the collection are a merchant seaman identification pin, a union badge, and a Congressional Lifesaving medal in silver.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>War trophy, shell casing</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Shell found buried in wreckage of Heinkel plane shot down over Tunisia. Collected by Captain Elmer J. Stull.</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Stull, Elmer J.&#13;
War Trophies</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>These artifacts came from the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull. He saved precious little from the Second World War - but what he did save are representative of the trials he endured as a wartime ship's master. The federal government recognized both his and his ship’s crew’s heroism by the award of the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal and the Gallant Ship Citation bar, respectively.  This recognition was from his time on the SS Samuel Parker.  The ship was laid down and launched at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland on 14 October 1942 and 7 November 1942, respectively; Captain Stull was the first master of SS Samuel Parker from 3 November 1942 until 8 December 1943.&#13;
&#13;
Among the artifacts presented in this collection are mementos of the attacks on Tunisia Captain Stull collected while the SS Samuel Parker was anchored off Tunisia. He tied a description of each with a length of jute rope on a Maritime Ships Material Tag. These tags are of interest as they positively identify the ship - SS Samuel Parker - which was Maritime Commission Hull Number 593.&#13;
&#13;
Another particularly significant item is the device he used to find his way through treacherous seas: a universal bearing finder. This tool helped guide him on his voyages around the world - it is preserved in a specially-constructed wood box with his stamp.&#13;
&#13;
Also included among the collection are a merchant seaman identification pin, a union badge, and a Congressional Lifesaving medal in silver.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Shrapnel from the streets of Tripoli.  Collected by Captain Elmer J. Stull.</text>
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War Trophies</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>These artifacts came from the estate of Captain Elmer J. Stull. He saved precious little from the Second World War - but what he did save are representative of the trials he endured as a wartime ship's master. The federal government recognized both his and his ship’s crew’s heroism by the award of the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal and the Gallant Ship Citation bar, respectively.  This recognition was from his time on the SS Samuel Parker.  The ship was laid down and launched at Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland on 14 October 1942 and 7 November 1942, respectively; Captain Stull was the first master of SS Samuel Parker from 3 November 1942 until 8 December 1943.&#13;
&#13;
Among the artifacts presented in this collection are mementos of the attacks on Tunisia Captain Stull collected while the SS Samuel Parker was anchored off Tunisia. He tied a description of each with a length of jute rope on a Maritime Ships Material Tag. These tags are of interest as they positively identify the ship - SS Samuel Parker - which was Maritime Commission Hull Number 593.&#13;
&#13;
Another particularly significant item is the device he used to find his way through treacherous seas: a universal bearing finder. This tool helped guide him on his voyages around the world - it is preserved in a specially-constructed wood box with his stamp.&#13;
&#13;
Also included among the collection are a merchant seaman identification pin, a union badge, and a Congressional Lifesaving medal in silver.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Melted metal from fuselage of Junkers 88 plane shot down over Tunisia. Collected by Captain Elmer J. Stull.</text>
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